Carburetor



July 3, 1934. KANE r AL 1,965,144

CARBURETOR Filed Nov. 1, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet i m L o 0 W Q 1 L1ll -L\ 4 INVENTORS FRANK ANDREW KANE ALGERNOEJY max BURNETTE Jufly 3, 21934 F. A; A EE ET AL. 9 J

G RBURETOR Filed Nov, 1, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS KANE. REX BURNETfE ALGERNO FRANK ANDREW I Patented July 3, 1934 UNITED STATES oaanonaron Frank Andrew Kane, Long Island City, and Algernon ltex Burnette, New York, N. Y., as-

signors to Kane Carburetor Corporation, Long Island City, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application November 1, 1932, Serial No. 640,706

6' Claims. (01. 261-12) The present invention relates in general to carburetors or charge forming devices and methods of charge forming, for combustion apparatus, and more particularly to a carburetor or volatilizer and mixer for internal combustion engines including all kinds of 2-stroke cycle and 4-stroke cycle engines, Diesel engines or impulse turbines.

The chief object of the invention is the pro- 19 vision of an apparatus and method of breaking up and converting various kinds of either dry or liquid fuels, particularly gasoline and light oils or a mixture of volatile fuels and kerosene ends such as constitutes gasoline of the quality in present day use, into a dry, expansible and non-condensable gas in intimate mixture with air in suitable ratio to produce substantially perfact and complete combustion.

A further object of the invention isthe provision of a combined carburetor and a catalyzer operable to stabilize the fuel into a fixed gas forming with the air content a homogeneous combustible mixture ready for instant combustion.

The main object of the invention is attained by the provision of means operating under high vacuum to break up the liquid fuel into such a fine state of molecular disintegration that a dry,

non-condensable gas is formed and to effect a homogeneous mixture of this non-condensable gas with a high ratio of air to form a fixed and homogeneous combustible product.

A preferred form of the means for breaking up the fuel into non-condensable gas comprises a volatilizing chamber wherein the gasoline is broken up by means of high vacuum and bafliing pins so that evaporation will take place and molecular disintegration will cause a dry noncondensable gas to be produced.

To carry out the further object of catalyzation for stabilizing and fixing the mixture a catalyzing chamber is provided containing catalyzer elements preferably in the form of tubes around which the mixture is passed, the tubes being heated by exhaust gases passing therethrough.

The invention further provides for varying the ratio of air with any and all fuels used for internal combustion engines in a manner which will ensure the greatest efliciency of power development for that particular fuel or combination of fuels, which it is desirable to use at any particular time and at any given or variable temperature in such fuel mixture.

In further attainment of the above objects the mixture of dry gas and air is passed into a mixing chamber where the air of the mixture either before or after ionization is mixed with the gas under high vacuum by means of turbulence in the mixture itself to form a properly prepared homogeneous ,fuel mixture.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from a perusal of the following specification and drawings.

In the drawings:

Figs. 1 and la constitute a vertical section of the improved carburetor.

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1a.

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the carburetor elements are formed within a sectional casing 1 which may be divided as to general function into three sections, a volatilizer section 2, a

a fuel mixer section 3, and a catalyzer section 4. It

is in the general form of what may be termed a down-draft carburetor, it being designed to be positioned vertically as shown in the drawings with the intake end at the top and the outlet end at the bottom through which latter portion the device is arranged to be connected as shown to the inlet manifold 5 of an internal combustion engine.

The upper portion of the carburetor, which constitutes the volatilizer section is divided into two chambers, a spray chamber 6 and a volatilizing and baflie chamber 7. The spray chamber is provided with an air inlet 8 and a fuel inlet in the form of a spray nozzle 9 projecting into the spray chamber. The spray nozzle 9 comprises a fuel-feed tube 10 having mounted therein a spray valve 11 carried on an adjustable stem 12 which latter is arranged to be adjusted vertically in the tube 10 by means of an adjusting screw 13 threaded in the stuffing box 14. Fuel is supplied to the tube 10 by the supply pipe 15 from any suitable source not shown such as any suitable form of fuel supply tank, supply pump or the like.

The volatilizing chamber 7 is defined by the side walls of the main casing and the valve plates 16 and 1'7, the valve plate 17 being fixed in relation to the casing while the valve plate 16 is arranged to be moved up and down with a supporting cage structure composed of the rods 18 and the crosshead member 19. For effecting this vertical movement of the upper valve plate 16, the crosshead member 19 is secured to the bottom of the nozzle support 20 mounted to slide through the top wall 21 of the spray chamber and arranged to be slid into various vertical positions by means of the rack 22 carried by the nozzle holder 20 and the pinion 23 engaging the rack and pivoted at 24 in the bearing post 25.

The valve plates 16 and 17 .are each provided with a plurality of needle valve pins 26 and 27 and needle valve apertures 28 and 29, respectively, the valve pins of each plate projecting toward the apertures in the other plate in axial alignment therewith as shown in Fig. 1; so as to form a plurality of distributive channels of adjustable cross section through which the spray chamber 6 communicates with the-fuel mixing section 3. To further increase turbulence and frictional resistance to flow in and through the volatilizing chamber 7, valve pins 26 and 27 are provided with shoulders 30 and 31 respectively, which tend to divert and impede the flow of fluid mixture.

The mixing section of the carburetor communicates with the volatilizing chamber through a stream flow alignment plate 32 provided with a plurality of parallel alignment channels 33 arranged to divide the stream of fluid mixture into numerous jets. A vacuum bell 34 is mounted on the lower side of the plate 33 and extends downward into the throat of a Venturi member 35 adjustably mounted in the lower portion of the mixer chamber and arranged to be held in adjusted position by means of clamp bolt 36 and slot 37.

The mixer section 3 communicates directly with the catalyzer section through the Venturi member 35. The catalyzer section 4 of the casing member 1 forms a catalyzing chamber 38 in which is mounted a plurality of catalyzer tubes 39 which may be of iron or other suitable material coated with a catalyzer material, preferably iron oxide.

The catalyzer tubes 39 are arranged to be heated by exhaust gases fed through the tubes by means of inlet and outlet manifold boxes 40 and 41 respectively, and inlet and outlet conduits 42 and 43, regulation of the amount of hot exhaust gases fed to the catalyzer tubes being effected by means of a suitable butterfly valve 44 in the inlet tube 42.

In operation the vacuum produced by the engine causes the air to be drawn into the spray chamber 6 through the air inlet 8 while the liquid fuel is sprayed into the chamber through spray nozzle 9, the spray nozzle being suitably adjusted to regulate the supply of liquid fuel to produce the proper proportion of fuel and air. This produces a raw or primary mixture of fuel and air which is drawn into and through the volatilizing chamber, the mixture being deflected into the openings in the plate 16 by deflectors 45. The vacuum created by the engine causes the mixture of air and fuel to be thrown violently against the valve pins so that a very turbulent medium is produced by moving at high velocity and subjecting the fuel molecules to a tremendous baffling force against the valve pins. It is in the volatilizing chamber 7 that the mixture arrives at a state of molecular disintegration and forms a fixed non-condensable gaseous mixture.

From the volatilizing chamber the dry fixed mixture passing through the alignment channels 33 is directed against the inclined surfaces of the vacuum bell and Venturi member 35 in such manner as to produce a complete, homogeneous combustible mixtureby drawing the mixture through the venturi in the form of vortex rings.

This mixture now passing through the catalyzer chamber in contact with the surface of the catalyzer tubes 39 is converted into a dry, fixed combustible mixture ready for use in the engine and capable of substantially complete combustion.

What we claim is:

1. In a carbureter, a mixer, an inlet chamber connected to said mixer, means for supplying air and fuel to said inlet chamber and means acting distributively to vary the amount of air and fuel passing from the inlet chamber to the mixer, said means comprising valve plates containing a pinrality of openings and one plate carrying pins acting to regulate the'areas of said openings, together with means to relatively adjust said plates.

2. A charge forming device comprising a spray chamber, a spray nozzle arranged to spray liquid fuel into said chamber, an air inlet for the chamber, and a volatilizing chamber situated up stream of the spray chamber in communication therewith, and having its opposite ends formed by a pair of relatively movable valve plates each provided with a plurality of needle valve pins cooperatively associated with valve apertures in the other plate.

3. A charge forming device comprising a spray chamber having an air inlet, a fuel spray nozzle arranged to spray fuel into said chamber, a volatili'zing chamber up stream of said spray chamber, a pair of relatively movable diaphragm valve plates forming the opposite end walls of the volatilizing chamber, each having a plurality of needle valve pins arranged to cooperate with needle valve openings in the other plate for varying the resistance to fluid flow through the volatilizing chamber and means for effecting relative movement between said valve plates.

4. A charge forming device comprising a casing having an air inlet, a fuel atomizer in the casing up stream of the air inlet, and an outlet passage for said casing containing a pair of valve plate diaphragms, each having a plurality of needle valve pins cooperatively related with needle valve apertures in the other plate.

5. A charge forming device comprising a spray chamber having an air inlet, a fuel spray nozzle arranged to spray fuel into said chamber, 2. volatilizing chamber communicating with said spray chamber through an inlet diaphragm having needle-valve apertures therein, an outlet diaphragm for the volatilizing chamber having outlet needle-valve openings therein, and a plurality of needle valve pins extending from each said diaphragm toward the other diaphragm in axial alignment with the openings in the other diaphragm.

6. In a charge forming device the combination of a continuous fuel passageway comprising a volatilizing section, a fuel mixing section and a catalyzing section, said volatilizing section containing a spray chamber having an air inlet, a fuel spray nozzle arranged to spray fuel into the spray chamber at the engine side of the air inlet, a

volatilizing chamber on the engine side of the spray chamber having opposed end walls extending across the fuel passage, each with a plurality of apertures, a plurality of baflie pins in the form of needle valve pins mounted on each of said apertured walls and extending toward the other apertured wall in axial alignment with the openings therein, a fuel mixing chamber communicating with said volatilizing chamber and situated on the engine .side thereof, a Venturi tube constituting the outlet from said mixing chamber, a stream-flow alignment plate in the path of communication between the volatilizing chamber and the mixing chamber, a vacuum bell in the mixing chamber situated between the alignment plate and the throat of the Venturi tube, a catalyzing chamber communicating with the outlet of the mixing chamber, an outlet connection for the catalyzing chamber for effecting communication with the intake of an engine, and a catalyzing surface element situated in the catalyzing chamber in the path of flow of fluid mixture therethrough.

FRANK ANDREW KANE. ALGERNON REX BURNE'I'IE. 

